Effects of treatment with cyanidin-3-glucoside on mammary tumors arising from MMTV-PyVT mice

Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is one of the most prevalent anthocyanins among dietary polyphenols. Experimental studies suggest that C3G exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective effects against various disorders induced by oxidative stress. We examined its in vivo anti-neoplastic properties using MMTV-PyVT transgenic mice, a well-validated model for the development and progression of multistage mammary carcinoma. MMTV-PyVT mice were treated with cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) or DMSO control once ductal cells began to exhibit hyperplasia. Mice were sacrificed when the tumor burden reached the predefined criteria, and mammary tumors were harvested for analysis.