How Childhood Trauma Affects Romantic Relationships in Adulthood

Abstract Childhood trauma exerts a profound influence on psychological development, particularly in shaping romantic relationships in adulthood. This review synthesises psychological theories and empirical research on how early adverse experiences alter attachment styles, emotional regulation, and interpersonal dynamics. While substantial evidence links childhood trauma to difficulties in adult romantic functioning, notable gaps persist, including methodological limitations, underrepresentation of non-Western populations, and insufficient differentiation among trauma types. Addressing these limitations is critical for refining clinical practices and theoretical models. Future research should adopt longitudinal, multi-method designs and explore diverse populations to inform more effective, culturally attuned interventions that foster healthier romantic connections.