A genetic study on subtropical <i>Anadenanthera colubrina</i> (Vell.) Brenan var. <i>cebil</i> (Griseb.) Altschul tree from Northwestern Argentina

<i>Anadenanthera colubrina</i> (Vell.) Brenan var. <i>cebil</i> (Griseb.) Altschul is a tree species in South America important for its cultural, economic, and medicinal uses. In addition, it represents a trace in memory of the forests that have decreased over the years and for this reason it is not only interesting to study but also important to preserve the tree species for future generations. In this paper, we have characterized the genetic diversity of four populations. We collected seeds from four different sites: San Bernardo (B), El Cebilar (C), Metán (M), and El Gallinato (G) in Salta Province, North Argentina. We then compared the intergenic transcribed sequences of ribosomal DNA, a known genetic molecular marker. Our previous results, obtained through the morphological and genetic analysis of only four individuals (one for each zone), have showed that the individuals from B and M sites were more similar to each other as well as the individuals from G and C sites. In this paper, a larger number of individuals (25) were characterized and their phylogenetic relationships were computed. The results confirmed the previously found similarities.卷荚相思（*Anadenanthera colubrina* (Vell.) Brenan）变种塞维尔卷荚相思（*cebil* (Griseb.) Altschul）是分布于南美洲的乔木树种，兼具文化、经济与药用价值。同时，该物种亦是多年来持续缩减的南美原生森林的珍贵遗存，因此对其开展研究不仅具备学术价值，更为后代留存这一珍贵物种亦至关重要。本研究对四个种群的遗传多样性进行了系统表征：我们从阿根廷北部萨尔塔省的四个采样点采集了种子，分别为圣贝尔纳多（B）、塞维拉（C）、梅坦（M）与加利亚托（G）。随后我们选取核糖体DNA基因间转录序列这一经典遗传分子标记，对不同种群的该序列开展比对分析。此前我们仅针对每个采样点的1个个体开展形态学与遗传学分析，所得结果显示：来自B与M采样点的个体遗传相似度较高，来自G与C采样点的个体亦呈现出类似的聚类特征。本研究则对共计25个个体进行了遗传表征，并计算了它们的系统发育关系，研究结果证实了此前发现的聚类相似性。