Homo sapiens Exome. Homo sapiens

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main type of esophageal cancer that annually increases and ranks fourth among cancer-related deaths in China. However, the evolutionary process that shapes the intra-tumor heterogeneity remains unclear in ESCC.We performed multi-region exome sequencing to 185 samples of primary tumors or lymph-node metastases from 39 individuals to explore the intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) and evolutionary path within ESCC.