Baseline characteristics of study participants by dietary patterns.

BMI, body mass index; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.*Two participants with assigned dietary pattern did not have complete health assessments and GP records data, and were excluded from the analyses.†Kruskal-Wallis test for ordered and non-normally distributed continuous variables and χ2 test for categorical variables. In the post hoc χ2 test analyses, adjusted residuals were used to determine which cells were major contributors to rejecting the null hypothesis at α = 0.05.‡BMI was imputed with sex-specific means for 62 participants.§Fifteen point Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).Baseline characteristics of study participants by dietary patterns.