Mycobacterium tuberculosis bearing pulmonary transcriptomic landscape of wildtype and PD-1 deficient mice

It was shown that PD-1 were significantly up-regulated in several infectious diseases, suggesting the immune boosting anti-PD-1 therapy may have potential applications in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. Here we found that the ablation of the PD-1 was responsible for the TB consequence in a time-dependent manner. While long-term sustained PD-1 ablation results in worsen TB outcome, the early short-term PD-1 pathway perturbing have an active role in the protection of infection, suggesting that the early PD-1 ablation may alter the innate immune-response. Thus, we performed scRNA-seq analysis for the pulmonary transcriptomic landscape of WT and PD-1-/- mice during 7 days after infection. We uncovered that PD-1 pathway ablation at the early stage of infection remodulated pulmonary immune landscape characterized by changes in the cellular compositions, differential gene expression states, augmenting innate immune responses against tuberculosis, together with altering intercellular communications, with the potential to alter anti-TB immune fates. The single-cell suspensions of M.tb inbfected lungs from WT and PD-1 knockout mice were collected at 7 days after infection and analyzed using scRNAseq.