菌草生态循环产业关键技术的研究与应用

菌草生态循环产业研究通过筛选抗逆性强、生物量大的草种，进行配置、建植复合草 篱，把太阳能高效地转化为菌草，在短期内达到防风固土的作用，成本低、见效快 利用 菌草栽培食药用菌、饲喂禽畜，提升肉品质和生产性能，同时利用菌糟开发饲料和肥料， 建立植物、菌物和动物三物多次循环转化、综合利用的资源节约型、环境友好型的生产模 式，创建了应用菌草生态循环产业技术体系，兼具良好的经济、社会和生态效益。 1.主要内容 （1）筛选出适宜生态治理的优良菌草草种，研究其快繁体系，已实现规模化生产应 用。（2）菌草水土流失地区等高线复合草篱治理技术：采用巨菌草和绿洲1号等草种，通过丛栽、扦插等方式，根据水土流失地的成因、类型和特征，设定种植密度，建植菌草 等高线复合草篱模式，成为水土流失治理技术的重要突破。（3）菌草荒漠化、沙化土地复合草篱治理技术：采用巨菌草和绿洲1号，通过丛栽与扦插的方式交叉种植。机械种植开种植沟深30cm，选用4芽节种茎，种植密度6万芽节/hm2，覆沙（土）厚度4-6cm，在复合草篱建植时需辅以喷灌或滴灌设施，达到防风固沙、改良土壤的效果。该技术突破了防沙治沙技术瓶颈，创新了治沙技术。（4）“林—草—菌—畜—肥”循环生产关键技术及模式开发 ①林下菌草栽培食药用菌技术：筛选菌草栽培食药用菌配方和适宜菌株，在林下建立标准化简易拱棚，利用林木遮阴，采取配套的栽培管理技术，是林草结合、发展林下循环 经济的重要技术。

The research on the Juncao eco-circular industry screens grass species with strong stress resistance and high biomass, configures and establishes composite grass hedgerows, efficiently converts solar energy into Juncao, achieves windbreak and soil fixation in a short term with low cost and rapid effect. Using Juncao to cultivate edible and medicinal fungi and feed livestock and poultry improves meat quality and production performance; meanwhile, utilizing spent Juncao substrate to develop feed and fertilizer, a resource-saving and environment-friendly production mode featuring multi-cycle transformation and comprehensive utilization of plants, fungi and animals has been established. The technical system for the Juncao eco-circular industry has been constructed, which delivers sound economic, social and ecological benefits.

1. Main Contents
(1) Excellent Juncao grass species suitable for ecological management have been screened, and their rapid propagation system has been researched, achieving large-scale production and application.
(2) Juncao contour composite grass hedgerow technology for soil erosion control: Using grass species such as Giant Juncao and Lvzhou No.1, cluster planting and cutting methods are adopted. Based on the causes, types and characteristics of soil erosion areas, the planting density is set to establish the Juncao contour composite grass hedgerow pattern, which represents an important breakthrough in soil erosion control technology.
(3) Juncao composite grass hedgerow technology for desertified and sandy land management: Giant Juncao and Lvzhou No.1 are used for cross planting via cluster planting and cutting. For mechanical planting, the planting ditch is 30 cm deep, 4-bud stem segments are selected, with a planting density of 60,000 bud segments per hectare, and the covering thickness of sand (soil) is 4-6 cm. Sprinkler or drip irrigation facilities are required during the establishment of composite grass hedgerows, to achieve the effects of wind prevention, sand fixation and soil improvement. This technology breaks through the technical bottlenecks of sand prevention and control, and innovates sand control technologies.
(4) Development of key technologies and models for "forest-grass-fungi-livestock-fertilizer" circular production:
① Technology for cultivating edible and medicinal fungi with Juncao under forests: Cultivation formulas and suitable strains for growing edible and medicinal fungi using Juncao have been screened. Standardized simple arch sheds are established under forest stands, with forest shade utilized and supporting cultivation and management technologies adopted. This is an important technology for integrating forestry and grassry and developing understory circular economy.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于菌草生态循环产业的关键技术研究与应用，通过筛选抗逆性强、生物量大的草种构建复合草篱，实现太阳能高效转化和防风固土。同时，利用菌草栽培食药用菌、饲喂禽畜并开发饲料肥料，建立了植物、菌物和动物三物多次循环转化的资源节约型生产模式，兼具良好的经济、社会和生态效益。