THE ESSENCE OF THE FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT SYSTEM AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN MODERN EDUCATION

This article analyzes the essence of the formative assessment system and its significance within the modern educational process. In particular, the relationship between formative assessment and the constructivist approach, its role in developing learners’ reflective activity, and its importance in monitoring learning outcomes are substantiated from a scientific and theoretical perspective. The transformation of assessment systems and the transition toward a competency-based approach are examined in light of international assessment programs, particularly the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) initiated by the OECD. The article also highlights strategic directions for the digitalization of formative assessment, the formation of individualized learning trajectories, and the improvement of educational quality. The research findings demonstrate that enhancing formative assessment practices can significantly increase the overall effectiveness of education.