The type of fracture mode of the post before and after thermo-cycling after the push-out test.

[C/M/I]: C) cohesive failure, M) mixed failure consisting of interfacial failure and cohesive failure, and I) interfacial failure. For each horizontal row in the type of fracture mode: superscript values with different numbers indicate a statistically significant difference (P0.05), Complex chi-square 2) test. The sample size for each experimental group was 15.The type of fracture mode of the post before and after thermo-cycling after the push-out test.