Reconstruction of 8,994 metagenome-assembled genomes from 2,378 global hot springs samples from 2003 to 2023

As a typical extreme aquatic environment, hot springs resemble the early Earth’s ecology. Compared with other environments, their microorganisms possess unique adaptive mechanisms to high temperature and salinity and play key roles in biogeochemical cycles. Here, we present a dataset of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) and gene set derived from metagenome sequencing of 2,378 BioSamples from 1,873 BioProjects from 2003 to 2023 deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA). The raw sequencing data consist of 20.05 T bases, and a unified quality control and genome assembly and annotation bioinformatic workflow was conducted, generating 24,246 MAGs. Dereplication with a 95% average nucleotide identity (ANI) similarity threshold filtered 8,994 MAGs, among which 7,655 were bacteria and 1,335 were archaea. Notably, 95.73% of the MAGs could not be assigned to named species. A total of 37.7 million non-redundant protein-coding genes were annotated with their domain, Gene Ontology and pathway. This dataset provides a comprehensive resource of genomes and genes for hot springs biome.