RABIES VIRUS AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Rabies virus is a highly neurotropic pathogen that causes a fatal encephalitic disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) of humans and animals. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, rabies remains a significant public health concern in many parts of the world, particularly in developing countries. The virus exhibits a unique pathogenic mechanism, entering peripheral nerves and traveling retrogradely to the CNS, where it causes progressive neurological dysfunction. This article aims to analyze the effects of rabies virus on the central nervous system, focusing on its pathogenesis, mechanisms of neural invasion, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment challenges. The findings emphasize the importance of early intervention and preventive strategies to reduce mortality.