Evaluating Deterioration Causes and Defect Patterns in Heritage Buildings: A Comprehensive Analytical Approach

The cultural heritage of the city of Erbil faces the threat of rapid urbanization and other challenges. As the city strives to accommodate its exponential growth, the urgency of the need to safeguard its historical landmarks is becoming more apparent. This study examines the deterioration of Erbil’s heritage structures, pointing to environmental adversity, neglect, and urban pressures as prime culprits. Applying the Heritage Building Assessment Tool, infrared imaging, and humidity data, coupled with advanced multivariate analysis, the study identifies pinpointed conservation strategies. It delves into the nuanced relationships between building typology and levels of decay, paving the way for specialized approaches to conservation. Beyond strengthening Erbil’s commitment to heritage preservation, this work can help reinvigorate tourism and provide pivotal insights for the formulation of local policy. Integrating heritage conservation with sustainable urban planning, this study sets forth a versatile blueprint for other historic cities that are navigating similar challenges.