Whole genome sequencing of Landim pigs from Mozambique to unravel ancestry and selection

The Landim pigs of Mozambique represent a vital local breed nurtured by small-scale farmers within an extensive production framework, predominantly sustained by leftover food. These pigs serve as a cornerstone for the economic stability of these communities. However, their existence is currently jeopardized by unregulated crossbreeding with commercial pig breeds. Preserving these local pigs is crucial due to their role as a source of genetic diversity. To this end, we have conducted whole genome resequencing on six Landim pigs, characterizing their genetic makeup and establishing their relationship with other pig breeds worldwide. Our findings indicate a European lineage for the Landim pigs, notably closely associated with Angolan pigs. Furthermore, we have identified genetic signatures linked to enhanced meat quality and reproductive traits. This groundbreaking whole genome characterization of Landim pigs lays the groundwork for future conservation initiatives