A geospatial dataset of the Mediterranean Sea Sulphur Oxides Emission Control Area

ABSTRACT Starting from May 1, 2025, the Mediterranean Sea is officially designated as an Emission Control Area (ECA) for sulphur oxides (SOx) under MARPOL Annex VI Regulation 14, as adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). This designation introduces stricter regulations on sulphur emissions prohibiting ships operating within the Mediterranean Sea ECA from using fuel oils with a sulphur content exceeding 0.10% m/m. These regulations require vessels to either switch to low-sulphur fuels or implement exhaust gas cleaning systems. Data to support the shipping industry in meeting regulatory requirements is essential. Ηowever, given the higher cost of compliance, there remains a strong economic incentive for non-compliance, making digital and data-driven enforcement mechanisms equally important. In this context, the accurate geospatial definition of the ECA is crucial for monitoring and enforcement activities. This dataset provides a geospatial representation of the proposed Med SOx ECA, derived from IMO document MEPC 78/11 and aligned with International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) definitions. It serves as a foundational geospatial reference dataset for maritime authorities, maritime industry, policy makers, and researchers involved in emissions control and marine environmental governance in the Mediterranean region.