Data from: Corazonin responds to nutrient stress and increases flight activity in Apis mellifera workers

We asked whether the insect peptide hormone corazonin changes honey bee flight behavior. To address this question, we injected bees with corazonin or a negative control, placed them back in their colony, and measured their daily flight activity. 

For "concentrationsFlightActivity.xlsx":
Fifty 9d old bees were injected in the head with 2µl of a low (25ng/µl), middle (125ng/µl), or high (250ng/µl) dose of CRZ peptide in 1X Ringer’s solution, or 1X Ringer’s solution alone (control). The bees were then marked according to the treatment they received and were returned to their respective hives. For 5 days post-injection (10-15d post-emergence), the entrance of each hive was monitored for 10 minutes each hour for five hours (06:00-11:00 MST, 50 minutes daily per hive). The number of painted bees that left or returned to the hive during this time and their paint color was recorded.
Columns in data sheet represent the concentration of peptide injected ("treatment"), whether a flight event was observed ("F vs NF"), hive number ("hive"), age of bee that was observed flying ("age"), and the trial ("round").
For "2019FlightActivity.xlsx":
Injections and behavioral observations were conducted in June/July 2019 for bees injected at 9d of age. Approximately 700-800 NEBs were obtained, marked, and distributed equally into four separate hives. The marked bees were collected from the hive at 9d and injected with 2µl of CRZ peptide (125ng/µl) or an equivalent concentration of scramble peptide (125ng/µl; negative control) in 1X Ringer’s solution. Each bee was then re-marked according to the treatment they received (CRZ or scramble control) and returned to their hive. Post-treatment flight activity was monitored for five days, for 50 minutes per hive each day. After each daily observation period, we also counted the number of painted bees of both treatments that were found on the frames and hive body or dead bees on the bottom board or at the hive entrance. The data represent whether an individual was observed flying ("F") or was alive but did not fly ("NF").

The columns represent whether the individual observed was injected with the control or corazonin peptide ("treatment"), whether the individual observed was flying or alive but not flying ("F vs NF"), the hive number ("hive"), and the age of the observed bee in days post-emergence ("age").
For "2020FlightActivity.xlsx":
Injections and behavioral observations were conducted in April/May/June 2020 (injected at 8d of age). Approximately 700-800 NEBs were obtained, marked, and distributed equally into four separate hives, as described above. The marked bees were collected from the hive at 8d (Trial 2) and injected with 2µl of CRZ peptide (125ng/µl) or an equivalent concentration of scramble peptide (125ng/µl; negative control) in 1X Ringer’s solution. Each bee was then re-marked according to the treatment they received (CRZ or scramble control) and returned to their hive. Post-treatment flight activity was monitored for five days (10-15d post-emergence) for 50 minutes per hive each day. After each daily observation period, we also counted the number of painted bees of both treatments that were found on the frames and hive body or dead bees on the bottom board or at the hive entrance. The data represent whether an individual was observed flying ("F") or was alive but was not flying ("NF").
The columns represent whether the individual observed was injected with the control or corazonin peptide ("treatment"), whether the individual observed was flying or alive but not flying ("F vs NF"), the hive number ("hive"), and the age of the observed bee in days post-emergence ("age").

本研究旨在探究昆虫肽激素卡罗松对蜜蜂飞行行为的影响。为解决此问题，研究人员将卡罗松或阴性对照剂注入蜜蜂体内，将其放回蜂巢，并测量其每日飞行活动。在“concentrationsFlightActivity.xlsx”数据集中，对50只9日龄的蜜蜂头部注射了2µl低剂量（25ng/µl）、中剂量（125ng/µl）或高剂量（250ng/µl）的CRZ肽，或仅注射1X林格氏溶液（对照组）。根据所接受的治疗，蜜蜂被标记后返回各自的蜂巢。注射后5天（10-15日龄），每小时监测每个蜂巢入口10分钟，共5小时（美西时间06:00-11:00，每日每蜂巢50分钟），记录在此期间离开或返回蜂巢的标记蜜蜂数量及其涂色。数据表中的列代表注入肽的浓度（治疗）、是否观察到飞行事件（“F vs NF”）、蜂巢编号（蜂巢）、观察到飞行的蜜蜂年龄（年龄）以及试验（轮次）。在“2019FlightActivity.xlsx”数据集中，于2019年6月至7月对9日龄的蜜蜂进行了注射和行为观察。约获得700-800只新欧洲蜜蜂（NEBs），进行标记并平均分配到四个独立的蜂巢中。标记的蜜蜂在9日龄从蜂巢中取出，并注射了2µl的CRZ肽（125ng/µl）或等浓度的 scrambled 肽（125ng/µl；阴性对照）在1X林格氏溶液中。然后，根据所接受的治疗（CRZ或scramble对照组）重新标记每只蜜蜂，并将其放回蜂巢。治疗后飞行活动监测持续5天，每天每个蜂巢监测50分钟。在每天的观察期结束后，还统计了两种处理中标记的蜜蜂在框和蜂巢体上或底板上或蜂巢入口处发现的数量，以及死亡的蜜蜂。数据表示个体是否被观察到飞行（“F”）或存活但未飞行（“NF”）。列表示观察到的个体是否接受了对照组或卡罗松肽的注射（治疗）、观察到的个体是否飞行或存活但未飞行（“F vs NF”）、蜂巢编号（蜂巢）以及观察到的蜜蜂在出巢后的年龄（天数）。在“2020FlightActivity.xlsx”数据集中，于2020年4月至6月对8日龄的蜜蜂进行了注射和行为观察。约获得700-800只新欧洲蜜蜂（NEBs），进行标记并平均分配到四个独立的蜂巢中，方法与上述相同。标记的蜜蜂在8日龄（试验2）从蜂巢中取出，并注射了2µl的CRZ肽（125ng/µl）或等浓度的 scrambled 肽（125ng/µl；阴性对照）在1X林格氏溶液中。然后，根据所接受的治疗（CRZ或scramble对照组）重新标记每只蜜蜂，并将其放回蜂巢。治疗后的飞行活动监测持续5天（10-15日龄），每天每个蜂巢监测50分钟。在每天的观察期结束后，还统计了两种处理中标记的蜜蜂在框和蜂巢体上或底板上或蜂巢入口处发现的数量，以及死亡的蜜蜂。数据表示个体是否被观察到飞行（“F”）或存活但未飞行（“NF”）。列表示观察到的个体是否接受了对照组或卡罗松肽的注射（治疗）、观察到的个体是否飞行或存活但未飞行（“F vs NF”）、蜂巢编号（蜂巢）以及观察到的蜜蜂在出巢后的年龄（天数）。