Raw data Phytochemical Characterization and In Vitro Biological Activities of Macleania rupestris (Ericaceae): Insights into Nutraceutical Potential

The Ericaceae family encompasses several berries with recognized health-promoting properties; however, Macleania rupestris, a neotropical species endemic to the Andean region, remains poorly characterized. Background/Objectives: This study aimed to identify the chemical composition of M. rupestris ethanolic extract and evaluate their biological activities, including antitumoral, hemolytic, anti-inflammatory, and antileishmanial effects. Methods: The M. rupestris ethanolic extract was obtained from lyophilized fruits and analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS for phytochemical profiling. Bioactivities were assessed in vitro using tumor and non-tumor cell lines (MTT assay), erythrocyte hemolysis assays, RAW 264.7 macrophage inflammation models, and Leishmania mexicana promastigotes. Results: The chemical analysis revealed anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-glucoside, malvidin-3-glucoside, petunidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-arabinoside), flavonols (quercetin and myricetin derivatives), and coumaroyl iridoids. The extract showed modest antiproliferative activity (IC50 10.4–22.5 mg/mL) across tumor cell lines with low therapeutic indices, indicating limited selectivity. In contrast, hemolytic activity was negligible (