Street-level weather station network in Freiburg, Germany: Curated dataset from 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 [L2]

Quality controlled and gap-filled air temperature and atmospheric humidity dataset from the street-level weather sensor network (WSN) in Freiburg i. Br., Germany for the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 as described in:

Plein M, Feigel G, Zeeman M, Dormann C, Christen A (2025, in review): Using Extreme Gradient Boosting for gap-filling to enable year-round analysis of spatial temperature and humidity patterns in an urban weather station network in Freiburg, Germany. in review.

Hourly gap-filled values

The file "Freiburg_AWS_20220901_20230831_gap_filled_data_ta_rh_Plein_et_al.csv" contains gap-filled hourly air temperature and relative humidity time series from 41 stations of the street-level weather sensor network (WSN) in Freiburg i. Br., Germany from 1 Sep 2022 to 31 Aug 2023 with the following field descriptors:

"datetime_UTC" the time stamp of the measured value in the format YYYY-MM-DDTHH:II:SSZ where Y = year, M = month, D = day of month, H = hour, I = minute, S = second in UTC attributing the start of the averaging interval.

"station_id" - 6 letter code of WSN (FR for Freiburg and last 4 letters for station name, see also https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12732552). The station FRTECH is not included.

"variable" - the variable ("Ta_degC" for air temperature in ºC or "RH_percent" for relative humidity in %).

"value" - the numeric value of the measurement.

"data_type" - either "observed" (i.e. measured) or "imputed" (i.e. gap-filled using the Extreme Gradient Boosting method).

Annual statistics per station

The files "Freiburg_AWS_20220901_20230831_annual_statistics_per_station_Plein_et_al" (in csv and xlsx Format) contain annual summary statistics based on  the gap-filled hourly air temperature and relative humidity time series of the street-level weather sensor network (WSN) in Freiburg i. Br., Germany from 1 Sep 2022 to 31 Aug 2023 and from two official DWD stations in Freiburg with the following field descriptors:

"station_id" - 6 letter code of weather station (FR for Freiburg and last 4 letters for station name, see also https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12732552). The two official DWD stations are also included (No. 01443 on the airfield and No. 13667 in the city centre). 

"station_name" - Full human-readable name of weather station.

"latitude_degN" - Latitude of site in decimal degrees North.

"longitude_degE" - Longitude of site in decimal degrees East.

"elevation_masl" - Elevation of site in metres above mean sea level.

"mean_ta_degC" - Annual average air temperature in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in ºC.

"mean_rh_percent" - Annual average relative humidity in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in %.

"mean_vp_kPa" - Annual average vapour pressure in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in kPa based on Tetens equation.

"mean_vpd_Pa"- Annual average vapour pressure deficit in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in Pa based on Tetens equation.

"sum_summer_day_per_year" - Annual number of summer days (maximum air temperature greater or equal to 25ºC) in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in days per year.

"sum_hot_day_per_year" - Annual number of hot days (maximum air temperature greater or equal to 30ºC) in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in days per year.

"sum_desert_day_per_year" - Annual number of desert days (maximum air temperature greater or equal to 35ºC) in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in days per year.

"sum_tropical_night_per_year" - Annual number of tropical nights (minimum nocturnal air temperature greater or equal to 20ºC) in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in days per year.

"sum_frost_day_per_year" - Annual number of frost days (minimum air temperature lower than 0ºC) in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in days per year.

"sum_ice_day_per_year" - Annual number of ice days (maximum air temperature lower than 0ºC) in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31 in days per year.

"sum_hottest_station_ranking_per_year" - Annual number of days this station was the station with the highest recorded air temperature in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31.

"sum_coldest_station_ranking_per_year" - Annual number of days this station was the station with the lowest recorded air temperature in the period 2022-09-01 to 2023-08-31.

Station descriptions

Details on the stations can be found in the sensor network documentation:

Plein M, Kersten F, Zeeman M, Christen A (2024): Street-level weather station network in Freiburg, Germany: Station documentation (1.0) Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12732552

Code availability

The code used for imputation of missing values is documented and available here:

Plein M, Feigel G, Zeeman M, Dormann C, Christen A (2024):  Code Supporting the Publication "Using Extreme Gradient Boosting for Gap-Filling to Enable Year-Round Analysis of Spatial Temperature and Humidity Patterns in an Urban Weather Station Network in Freiburg, Germany." (1.0.0) Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14536824