Supplemental Material for Ragasa et al., 2024

Copper has been widely used as a main component in fungicides due to its versatility and effectiveness. However, overuse of copper-based fungicides may alter local biodiversity and force the selection of organisms that are tolerant to copper toxicity. These copper-tolerant fungi may proliferate and cause damage to economically important crops. Since the mechanisms of copper tolerance in fungal pathogens remain unclear, there is a need to investigate survival mechanisms of these fungi in high copper. Here, we aim to determine genes related to the high copper tolerance of a Fusarium oxysporum strain isolated from a Solanum nigrum plant growing in a high copper environment. The existence of a copper-tolerant Fusarium species variant raises concerns regarding the ability of Fusarium species to develop an adaptive mechanism to tolerate copper-based fungicides and cause damage to agricultural crops.

铜由于其多能性和高效性，已被广泛用作杀菌剂的主要成分。然而，铜基杀菌剂的过度使用可能改变当地生物多样性，并促使对铜毒性具有耐受性的生物体的选择。这些耐铜真菌可能繁殖并损害具有重要经济价值的作物。鉴于真菌病原体中铜耐受的机制尚不明确，有必要研究这些真菌在高铜环境中的生存机制。在此，我们旨在确定与从生长在高铜环境中的黑茄（Solanum nigrum）植株中分离出的尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）菌株高铜耐受性相关的基因。耐铜的尖孢镰刀菌物种变种的存续引发了对尖孢镰刀菌物种能否发展出适应铜基杀菌剂耐受性并损害农作物能力的担忧。