File S1 - Highly Effective Photonic Cue for Repulsive Axonal Guidance

Figure S1 in File S1: Optically-repulsive axonal guidance method. (a) Schematic of the laser axonal guidance setup, (b) Pseudo-colored time-lapse overlay of optically-guided axon. Green cutout represents initial orientation. Red overlay is final orientation. Figure S2 in File S1: Time-lapse images of a sham experiment conducted using phantom laser spot (white circle). All sham trials resulted in growth cone passing through phantom laser spot, with negligible growth cone turning. Figure S3 in File S1: Kinetics of optically-repulsive axonal guidance. (a) Overlay of time-lapse images of axonal shaft turning toward right, (b) Kinetics of axonal right-turning. Figure S4 in File S1: Effectiveness of optically-repulsive axonal guidance. (a) Cumulative distribution. The angles varied from −90° to −90°, with the positive and negative value indicating that the axon was turned toward the left -and right-side of the laser spot, respectively. (b) Growth kinetics of an axon for single interaction. (c) Growth per frame of an axon during multi-stage turning, and (d) total growth during the long-range guidance. The time point of second laser spot irradiation is marked by red arrows (c & d). Figure S5 in File S1: Kinetics of estimated temperature rise at varying wavelengths of a focused laser beam (50 mW). (a) 970 nm, (b) 700 nm.
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