Mechanism of TGFB1 / Nrf2 signaling pathway mediated by extracellular matrix mimicking hydrogel loaded with exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis, OA is a prevalent degenerative joint disease, which is characterized by low-grade systemic inflammation, degeneration of joint related tissues (such as articular cartilage), and bone structural changes that may eventually lead to disability. This study investigated the mechanism of tgfb1/nrf2 signaling pathway mediated by extracellular matrix mimicking hydrogel loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (BMSCs exos) in osteoarthritis.