The Effect of Beta vulgaris on an in vitro oral microbiome of electronic cigarette users

Although touted as a safer alternative to cigarette smoking, electronic cigarette usage has been increasingly linked to a myriad of health issues, and appears to impact the oral microbiome. Meanwhile, nitrate supplementation has shown promise as a prebiotic that induces positive effects on the oral microbiome.In this pilot study, the impact of nitrate supplementation as a countermeasure to e-cigarette usage was explored using in vitro microcosms derived from e-cigarette users andor nonusers and supplementation with nitrate-rich beetroot juice extract.Overall, this limited pilot study suggests that beetroot juice extract supplementation may impact the microbiota of e-cigarette users, and adds to contemporary research paving the way for more in-depth studies examining the role of nitrate-rich supplementsal as prebiotics to promote oral health.