Dental Calculus Metagenome (archaeological)

The purpose of this study was to investigate oral microbiome, dietary, and host DNA in archaeological human dental calculus (mineralized dental plaque), dentine, and bone using shotgun metagenomics and targeted 16S rRNA deep sequencing approaches. The samples in this study were obtained from four skeletons (G12, B17, B61, and B78) from the medieval site of Dalheim, Germany (ca. AD 950-1200). The skeletons exhibited osteological evidence of periodontal disease. A total of nine indexed Illumina shotgun metagenomic libraries were prepared from B61 and G12 dental calculus using different extraction and decontamination protocols. The nine indexed libraries were pooled and sequenced on a single Illumina HiSeq 2000 lane. A total of 32 indexed 454 targeted 16S rRNA libraries (V3, V5, and V6 regions) were prepared from paired dental calculus and dentine samples from G12, B17, B61, and B78, as well as from carious dentine and abscessed bone from B17. The 32 indexed libraries were pooled and sequenced on a 454 GS Junior. The genetic data associated with this project (including contig assemblies) are also available at MG-RAST in Project 365: http://metagenomics.anl.gov/linkin.cgi?project=365. Shotgun proteomic data associated with this project have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium (http://proteomecentral.proteomexchange.org/) via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD000412 and DOI 10.6019/PXD000412.