First-in-human ex-vivo validation of carbonic anhydrase IX-PET for high-risk renal cancer (CAT-VHL - PRR-POC-2023-12377493)

Dataset, scanner characteristics, acquisition protocol, and images including: Axial in-vivo CAIX-PET/CT and standard contrast-enhanced CT images in three patients with high-risk renal cancer. CAIX-PET demonstrated significant albeit spatially heterogeneous uptake in the primary renal tumor in two cases later confirmed as pT3a renal cell carcinoma at final pathology. In one case, CAIX-PET was negative, with no significantly detectable tumor uptake. This finding was confirmed at final pathology as a pT3a chromophobe tumor. Macroscopic examination of the surgical specimen, ex-vivo imaging at preclinical PET/CT, hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry staining for CAIX in a patient diagnosed with a pT3a G3 clear cell renal cell carcinoma following robot-assisted radical nephrectomy. Axial standard chest CT images and CAIX-PET images of case 2. CAIX-PET prompted the reclassification from cM0 to cM1 by detecting pathological radiopharmaceutical uptake in the fourth rib. Following surgical metastasectomy, final pathology confirmed the presence of osseous trabeculae interspersed with richly vascularized neoplastic tissue composed of cells with abundant clear cytoplasm, consistent with metastatic ccRCC. This study is funded by the European Union - Next Generation EU - NRRP M6C2 - Investment 2.1 Enhancement and strengthening of biomedical research in the NHS - PNRR-POC-2023-12377493; cup master C43C24000360007.