Correlation analysis between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and the severity of allergic rhinitis in children

Objective: To explore the correlation between serum25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and the severity of allergic rhinitis (AR) in children as well as its clinical significance.Methods: The medical records of 80 children with AR treated in our hospital from March 2020 to November 2022 and 80 healthy children who underwent physical examination in our hospital over same time period were retrospectively collected and analysed. The 80 children with AR were assigned to the research group, while the 80 healthy children were assigned to the control group. The serum 25(OH)D levels were compared between the two groups. Furthermore, the 25(OH)D levels, immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were compared between children with mild AR and those with moderate or severe AR. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess the correlation of serum 25(OH)D levels with IgE levels and VAS scores. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of serum 25(OH)D levels in diagnosing AR and determining its severity. Results: The control group exhibited significantly higher 25(OH)D levels than the research group (P<0.05). ROC curves were constructed to evaluate the diagnostic value of 25(OH)D in diagnosing AR, resulting in an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.781. In comparison to the moderate/severe group, the mild group demonstrated significantly lower IgE levels and obtained notably lower VAS scores (P<0.05). The ROC curve was generated to assess the diagnostic value of 25(OH)D in determining the severity of AR, yielding an AUC of 0.878. The 25(OH)D levels exhibited a negative correlation with IgE levels and VAS scores (P<0.001). Conclusion: Due to its strong association with the severity of AR in children, serum 25(OH)D level holds significant clinical value for the diagnosis and evaluation of AR in children.