Creating Multimodal Interactive 3D Printed Models with People who are Blind or have Low Vision

This work presents the first investigation into the design of interactive 3D printed models (I3Ms) that are embodied with human-like behaviours and characteristics. I3Ms are designed to be used by people who are blind or have low vision (BLV) to access graphical information, such as educational materials, maps and museum exhibits. These I3Ms, co-designed with BLV people, integrated touch gestures, conversational agents and haptic vibratory feedback to create more engaging and accessible user experiences.