Articulated Kinematic Model of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine

Development of an articulated lumbar and thoracic spine modelsuitable for kinematic analysis. The model uses the lumbar model by Christophy et alas a base, but has added custom joints to the thoracic spine segments. Christophy’s model has been modified in the following way:- Separated the thoracic vertebrae in the torso as separate bodies and added custominter-vertebral joints.- Applied ROM constraints for each inter-vertebral joint using a meta-analysis ofdata from the literature.- Positioned the joints using the Instantaneous Axis of Rotation (IAR) from theliterature.- Replaced the pelvis weld joint to the ground with a custom joint that allowstranslation in 3D space.- Removed bodies that are not required for our study (e.g. Rib Cage).- Added model markers on key bony landmarks such as the pelvis and spinousprocesses for scaling and IK purposes. <br/><br/>This project includes the following software/data packages: <br/> <ul> <li> <a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=1267#pack_1914">Spine Model Project </a> : This package contains the base spine model, geometry, Matlab scripts and output model and geometries. The path to the base spine model is passed to the Matlab script. The script outputs a modified model and geometries. See the attached document for an overview of the changes made by the script. </li> </ul>

本项研究旨在开发一套适用于运动学分析的关节活动式腰椎与胸椎脊柱模型。该模型以 Christophy 等人构建的腰椎模型为基础，并针对胸椎节段增加了定制关节。对 Christophy 的模型进行了以下改进：将躯干中的胸椎分离为独立实体，并添加了定制的椎间关节；通过对文献数据进行元分析，为每个椎间关节应用了活动范围（ROM）限制；利用文献中的瞬时旋转轴（IAR）定位关节；将骨盆焊接关节替换为允许在三维空间中平移的定制关节；移除了研究中不需要的实体（例如肋骨笼）；在关键骨骼标志物上添加了模型标记，如骨盆和棘突，以实现比例调整和逆运动学（IK）目的。本项目包含以下软件/数据包：

<ul>
<li><a href="https://simtk.org/frs?group_id=1267#pack_1914">脊柱模型项目</a>：该包包含基础脊柱模型、几何形状、Matlab 脚本以及输出模型和几何形状。基础脊柱模型的路径传递给 Matlab 脚本，脚本输出修改后的模型和几何形状。请参阅附件中的文档，以了解脚本所做的更改概述。</li>
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