Multi-omics Insights into Rumen Microbiota and Metabolite Interactions Regulating Milk Fat Synthesis in Buffaloes

The present study was conducted to analyze the correlation of milk fat content of Binglangjiang buffaloes with microbial and host metabolites. 10 highest milk fat content buffaloes (HF) and 10 lowest milk fat content buffaloes (LF) were selected. The results showed that the rumen bacteria abundance of Synergistota, Quinella, and Selenomonas were signifi-cantly higher in the HF buffaloes. The abundance of 14 rumen fungi, included Candida, Talaromyces, Cyrenella and Stilbella were significantly higher in the HF buffaloes. 68 and 42 differential metabo-lites were identified in the rumen and plasma, respectively. By clustering these differential metabo-lites, most of those clustered in the HF group were lipid and lipid-like molecules such as Secoere-mopetasitolide B, Lucidenic acid J and 5-Tetradecenoic acid. The results suggest that rumen micro-biota such as Quinella, Fretibacterium, Selenomonas and Cyrenella may regulate the milk fat synthesis by influencing lipid metabolites in the rumen and plasma.