Effects of sodium arsenite exposure on the respiratory system of rats

Objective To investigate the effects of long-term sodium arsenite exposure on respiratory system in rat, and to evaluate the effects on lung function and effect indexes in rat. Method In March 2023, 32 SD rats were randomly divided into a control group and an exposure group (low, medium, and high) using a random number table method, with 8 rats in each group. The exposure group was exposed to a gradient concentration of sodium arsenite aerosol environment, while the control group was fed normally. After exposure, the non-invasive dual chamber airway monitoring system (NAM) was used to detect various lung function parameters of rats. The blood arsenic content of rats was measured by ICP-MS, and the pathological changes in the lungs of each group of rats were observed by HE staining.Results The blood arsenic content of rats in the control group and the low, medium, and high-dose sodium arsenite exposure groups increased sequentially, and the difference was statistically significant. The levels of As in rat blood and lung function indicatorsF (Ptotal trend<0.001, Pnon-linear=0.001), Raw (Ptotal trend=0.039, Pnon-linear=0.020), FRC (Ptotal trend=0.014, Pnon-linearity=0.007), PIF (Ptotal trend=0.062,P non-linear=0.038). EF50 (Ptotal trend=0.067, Pnon-linear=0.034)have non-linear dose-response relationships.The HE staining results of pathological sections showed that compared with the blank control group, the average inner lining interval of the alveoli in the arsenic exposed group mice increased, and congestion of blood vessels and alveolar walls, as well as necrosis and detachment of large alveoli and alveolar walls were observed; As the exposure concentration of sodium arsenite aerosol increases, the pathological damage to rat lung tissue gradually intensifies. Conclusion Exposure to sodium arsenite can lead to decreased lung function and lung tissue damage in rats, and as the exposure dose increases, lung function decreases and lung tissue damage worsens.