Factors associated with malnutrition in institutionalized elderly

This literature review article aims to examine the scientific evidence that depict the associated factors with malnutrition in institutionalized elderly. The search for articles was conducted in the databases LILACS, MEDLINE and IBECS, including publications for the period 2000 to November 2012. The articles were also subjected to two assessment tools in order to verify the methodological quality of studies. The results showed that psychological factors (depression and dementia) and functional (dependence) were the main aspects related to malnutrition, since institutionalization fosters isolation and physical and mental inactivity, which may impair the quality of life of the elderly. Although malnutrition is associated with increased of morbidity and mortality, in general, it is not always assessed in institutions. Considering the specificities of the elderly segment, it is necessary to conduct multidimensional assessments of health status of the elderly to enable more effective and comprehensive interventions.