Microenvironment alterations after arsenic trioxide treated in acute promyelocytic leukemia murine models revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing

Six-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were maintained under specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions (22 ± 1 °C; 55% humidity; 12 h light/dark cycle). To establish an APL model, the mice received 450 cGy total-body irradiation (PRECISION X-RAY SmART+, Precision X-ray Inc, USA) and were intravenously transplanted with 1 × 107 NB4 cells. After 20 days, successful engraftment was confirmed by peripheral blood smear analysis via tail vein sampling and defined as ≥20% leukemic cells by microscopy. Subsequently, the mice were treated with ATO (1 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection, daily for 14 days). Control groups included APL mice receiving PBS alone.