The Role of Renewable Energy in Sustainable Development: Innovations, Policies, and Market Outlook

This manuscript explores how renewable energy is shaping a more sustainable and low-carbon future. It discusses major sources such as solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, and geothermal, highlighting how they reduce emissions and improve global energy access. The paper also looks at the latest innovations like perovskite solar cells, offshore wind farms, and advanced energy storage systems that are making renewables more efficient and affordable.
It reviews global trends showing record capacity growth in 2024 and strong policy support through international agreements and national incentives. While challenges like high costs, storage limits, and land use issues remain, the study concludes that renewable energy is key to achieving climate goals and driving sustainable development worldwide.