Host-gut derived Bacillus species' (B. tequilensis GPSAK2, B. velezensis GPSAK4 , and B. subtilis GPSAK9) supplementation in Hybrid grouper enhances growth performance, immunity and the modulation of the gut microbial composition

Study aimed at evaluating the influence of three host-gut derived Bacillus species (B. tequilensis, B. velezensis, and B. subtilis) we initially isolated and characterized on the growth, immunity, antioxidant and digestive enzyme activity, expression of immune-related genes, gut morphology and gut microbial composition of hybrid grouper as well as its protective effect against V. harveyi in hybrid grouper.