Research progress in thermal modification of phenolic resin materials based on pyrolysis mechanism

Phenolic resin materials have a wide range of applications in aerospace thermal protection due to their excellent thermal stability， as well as their low cost and short preparation cycle. By means of chemical and physical modification， more functions or new features can be integrated into phenolic resin matrix composites to make them develop in the direction of high performance and further broaden their application areas. In this paper， the research progress of heat-resistant modification of phenolic resin matrix composites in recent years is reviewed in detail， and the modification methods for synthetic raw materials， molecular structure， and pyrolytic morphology are discussed from the thermal decomposition mechanism. The application prospects are elaborated， and the current problems are analyzed in depth， such as the performance needs in extreme environments still need to be further improved， and the development direction of the high performance and multifunctionality of phenolic resin matrix composites is proposed， and the development direction of further improving its serviceability is discussed. The development direction of high performance and multifunctionalization of phenolic resin matrix composites is proposed， which is of great significance for further improving its service performance and expanding its application scope.