Vascular plant species composition of three forest types (Ca, Carpinus; Qu, Quercus; Ab, Abies) studied along an altitudinal gradient from 550 to 1940 m on Halla Volcano, Jeju Island, South Korea.

Numbers are percentage frequencies of species occurrence; dots indicate absence. For trees, occurrences in both canopy and understory are counted. Diagnostic species with the phi coefficient of association > 0.3 are in bold. Dominant species (percent cover 50% in at least 3% of relevés) are in italic.