Translational regulation contributes to the secretory response of chondrocytic cells following exposure to Interleukin-1B

Chondrocytes undergo changes to their protein translational capacity during osteoarthritis progression, but a study of how disease-relevant signals affect chondrocyte protein translation at the transcriptomic level has not previously been performed. In this study we describe how the inflammatory cytokine IL-1B rapidly affects protein translation in the chondrocytic cell line SW1353. Using ribosome profiling we demonstrate that IL-1B induced altered translation of inflammatory-associated transcripts, as well as a number of ribosome-associated transcripts, through differential translation and the use of multiple open reading frames. Proteomic analtsis of the cell layer and conditioned media of these cells identified that proteins which were differentially translated were most readily detected in the secretome. We have produced combined ribosome profiling and proteomic datasets which provide a valuble resource in understanding the processes that are occoring during cytokine stimulation of chondrocytic cells.