Excel file - systematic review support

Literature search methods: A systematic review was done in November 2014 using the databases Web of Science and Google Scholar to collect and analyse the primary literature to date written about tool use and tool making behaviour in non-human animals. The search for publications on Google Scholar was done using the search terms “tool+using+making+animals”, including only articles, written in a non-limited period of time, sorted by relevance. Since Google Scholar provided a large amount of articles in a descending order from more relevant to less relevant, we detected relevant articles doing a first manual scan looking at the title and at the abstract until relevance was consistent, producing a total of 23 possible publications.The search for literature that was executed using the database Web of Science was done using the search terms “Tool*” (Topic) AND “Use* OR Utilization*” (Topic) AND “Mak*” (Topic) AND “Animal*”(Topic). This produced a result of 316 possible publications. Then we refined the results using the following search categories: “Behavioral Sciences”, “Ecology”, “Zoology”. We also selected only articles. After that, 9 articles were left. Then these underwent a title and abstract scan for relevance to the specific topic. The full text of the remaining articles was processed, and the articles that did not provide specific information about the occurrence of tool use and/or tool behaviour in animals were excluded. We also excluded all the secondary literature as reviewed primary literature without providing its own data. Articles whose content was not focused on the specified topic and articles whose data provided were not enough were also excluded. Of the 339 initial publications, 32 were screened: 2 were removed for not being primary research articles, 24 were directly related to the topic, 6 were excluded with reasons listed above. The remaining 24 studies included in the analysis were composed of experiments from 1973 to 2014. Out of 24 articles, 4 were written in 2005, 2 in 1982, 2 in 1990, 2 in 1994, 2 in 2003 and 2 in 2014. All articles that were included in this review were published in English in a total of 17 journals. Journal of Comparative Psychology published 4 articles out of 24 and Primates published 3. Analysis of the literature: Studies were coded by the geographical location (country's name), the duration (total lenght of the research measured in months), the type of the experiment performed ( observational, experimental), the common name of the animal observed or used as experimental subject, the activity that was the scope of the tool use behaviour, the kind of tool being used.