Cinobufacini ameliorates experimental colitis via modulating the composition of gut microbiota

Background: Cinobufacini, the sterilized hot water extraction of dried toad skin, has beenwidely used in the treatment of inflammation and cancers. Recently we found cinobufacini could ameliorate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, but the underlying mechanism was not fully understood. In current study, we explored the effect of cinobufacini on gut microbiota in DSS-induced acute colitic mouse model by pyrosequencing of colonic contents. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were supplied with normal or 3.0% DSS containing drinking water. DSS-treat mice were gavaged daily either with vehicle (water) or cinobufacini (10.0 or 30.0 mg/kg) for 7 days. The composition of the gut microbiota was assessed by analyzing 16S rRNA gene sequences.Results: Our data indicated that cinobufacini reversed DSS-induced gut dysbiosis andenhanced intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, changing of some specific microbial groups such as Proteobacteria and Bacteroides was closely correlated with the re-establishment of intestinal equilibrium and the recovery of intestinal function.Conclusion: Cinobufacini prevents colitis in mice by modifying the composition and function of gut microbiota. The current study provides additional mechanistic insight in the therapeutic effect of cinobufacini treatment and may pave the way for clinical application of cinobufacini in colitis therapy.