TABLE 4 in Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species

TABLE 4. General table of measurements of the spicular set of Acarnus species. Values are expressed in minimum–medium–maximum (µm).
Acarnus speciesDistribution/ Depth (m)StylesTylotesTylostylesSubtylostylesSpicules Cladotylotes (length×width)Toxas (length)AcanthostylesChelae (length)Microxeas“Innominatus ” species groupIndian OceanA. claudei van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991 Holotype MNHN DCL. 524(South Africa, Cape Town, Mossel Bay and175–400/ 6–20130–230/ 3–4absentabsentI.160–230/8 II.80–110/2I.200–250 II.50–140 III. 50–200/3–5absent11–18absentPt. Elisabeth)/-I.295–361.1–A. erithacus de Laubenfels, 1927 Paratype LACM # 21416Pacific Coast of USA, Gulf of California/ 36355–375.2– 400/7.5– 13.4–17.5180–226.4– 265/ 2.5– 3.7–5absentabsentI.170–192.9–225/ 5–9.1–15 II.70–74.6–85/ 2.5–2.9–5450 II.145–191.3– 250 III.40–72.3–absent10–13.4– 15absent100A. hoshinoi van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991 Holotype NTM Z2234South India and Sri Lanka, Bonaparte Coast/ intertidal260–450/ 16–25240–280/ 3–4absentabsentI.195–280/6–15 II.70–140/3–5I.190–590/ 1–3 II.25–170 III.45–250/ 2–5absent6–9–10absentA. innominatus Gray, 1867 Holotype BMNH Bk 309Ocidental Atlantic (Caribbean, Brazil)/-280–460/ 11–22180–280/ 4absentabsentI.230–300/6–12 II.80–115/2–3I.220–450/ 0.5– 1.5 II.35–150/ 1.5–2 III.50– 160/ 2–4absent9–24absentA. tenuis Dendy, 1896 Lectotype BMNH 1902.10.18.62 (RN974)Australia/ -152–184– 205/296–142– 176/ 2absentabsentI.80–137–152/2 II.absentI. absent II. absent III. absentabsentabsentabsentA. ternatus Ridley, 1884 Paratype NTMZ. 1584Indian Ocean (East African, South India and Sri Lanka)/-288/15250/ 4absentabsentI.135–166/4 II.absentI up to 800 II.50–150 III.75–110absent20absentSouthern RedA. thielei Lévi, 1958 Holotype MNHN #A. 107Sea (Bonaparte Coast, South India and Sri230–296/ 5–6206–225/ 2–3absentabsentI.130–180/3–4.5 II.61–79/1–2I.240–420 II.25–70 III.60–200absent7–9absentLanka)/-A. wolffgangi Keller, 1889 Holotype MNHN DCL.1297Indian Ocean, Southern Red Sea, Austrália, Indonésia/-286–300/13210/2absentabsentI.216/10 II.110/3I.510–900 II. absent III.80absent15–20absent“Tortilis ” species groupIndo-WestA. bergquistae van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991 Holotype QM GL 706Pacific (North East Autralia, Indonesia, India,197–334/ 7–16183–363/ 3–7absentabsentI.118–212/4–8 II.58–109/3–5I. absent II.80–265 III.44–110absent7–16absentMadagascar)/ 10West IndianI.Three-cladedA. deweerdtae van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991 Holotype ZMA POR. 8761(Bonaire, Curaçao, Barbados, NorthEast400–566/ 5–6290–350/ 3–5absentabsentcladomes 190–279/5–8 Four-claded 105– 128/2–4I.160–400 II.40–180 III. absentabsent15–20absentColombia)/ 5II.67–86/1–2A. oaxaquensis AguilarCamacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2013 Holotype MNC N 1.01/689Mexican Tropical Pacific/ 4192.5–325/ 3–10105–268/ 2–5absentabsentI.125–162.5/3–5 II.62.5–82.5/2–3I.35–170 II.57.5–90 III. absentabsent17.5–25absentA. sabulum AguilarCamacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2013 Holotype McNM 1.01/690Pacific Coast of USA, Cortezian/ 3200–263.5– 315/2.5–7.5– 10150–167.5– 190/2–2.5–3absentabsentI.100–119.5–150/ 3.7–4.2–5 II.67.5–70.6–80/ 2.5–2.6–3I.11.5–145.7– 165 II.25–45.5–80 III.30–31.2–35absent10–13.1– 15absentA. topsenti Dendy, 1922 Syntype BM 1921.11.7.84Western Indian Ocean/ 60204–287/ 3–12Amphitylotes 205–262/ 2–3.5absentabsentI. absent II.53–97/3–8I. absent II. absent III.32–191/1–4absent9–12absentAtlantic,Pacific andIndian Oceans(North AtlanticA. tortilis Topsent, 1892 QM GL 706 (fragment NTM Z1538)Ocean, Western India, Western and Northern214–550/ 3-16Amphitylotes 222–440/ 3.5–7absentabsentI.151–225/3–5 II.58–109/2.5–4I. absent II. 15–265/1–2 III.44–130/1–5absent7–22absentMadagascar,Torres StraitNorthern GreatBarrier Reef)/ 10A. toxeata Boury-Esnault, 1973 Holotype MNHN DNBE 1037Brazil/ 50378–727/ 12-16213–472/ 3–9absentabsentI.250–395/3–9 II.56–162/3I.500–945 II.28–265 III. absentabsent12–14absentA. tupiniquim sp. nov. Holotype UFBA 2453-PORBrazil/ 11370–653– 900/7.5–10– 15270–400– 560/2.5– 5.6–7.5127.5– 155.8– 177.5/ 2.5–3.5–5absentI.127.5–184.8– 232.5/5–5.8–7.5 II.65–80.5–100/ 2.5–2.8–5I.200–239.3– 310/2.0–2.1–2.5 II.47.5–66.8– 80/0.8–1.3–1.6 III. absentabsent12.5– 15.8–17.5absent“Souriei ”species groupA. bicladotylotus Hoshino, 1981 Holotype AR-1-10Indo-West Pacific (Japan, Indonesia, Maldives, Seychelles)/195–341– 385/8–10–12205–267– 300/3–4.7–6absentabsentI.140–160–175/ 4–5.5–7 II.80–88–95/ 3–4–5I.130–210/ 2–3 II.60–110/ 1–2 III. absent80–90–95/ 3–4–515absentA. caledoniensis Hooper & Lévi, 1993 Holotype QM G300724intertidal zone Tropical Southwestern Pacific, SouthWest coast of the Noumea lagoon /23absent304–330– 365/3–5–6absent321–354–423/ 4–7–10I.122–165–192/ 1–2–3 II.68–111–152/ 2–2.4–3.5I.185–269–386/ 0.4–1.1–1.8 II.52–93–141/ 0.5–0.9–1.2 III. absent95–111–129/ 2–3–414–18– 22absentA. guentheri (Dendy, 1896) Holotype R.N. 473Australia/-absent280/3absentabsentI and II.absentI. and II. absent III. about 80/ 1.5absentabout 12absentA. levii (Vacelet, 1960) Holotype St. K204Western Mediterranean (Corsica)/ 47-55315–480/ 6–9260–460/ 3–4.5absentabsentI.180–210/4.5–6 II.100–140/2–4I.75–195/1.5 II.20–140/ 0.5–3 III. absent55–115/3–513–16absentA. michoacanensis AguilarCamacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2013 Holotype MCNM 1.01/688Mexican Tropical Pacific/ 8207.5–277/ 5–8155–260/ 2.5–5absentabsentI.112.5–135/2.5–3 II.absentI.152–210 II.42–92.5 III. absent47.5–72.5/ 4–5.511.3– 12.5absentA. microxeatus Nascimento & Pinheiro, 2023 Holotype 2986Brasil/ intertidal374–395.9– 424/12–21.1– 30190–211– 249/2–3.1–5absentabsentI.141–244–293/ 5–9.8–12 II.90–96.1–105/ 2–3.1–5I.222–435.6– 656 II.50–128.9–313 III.35–55.2–8061–77.7–98/ 2–3.4–510–10.7– 1229–52.4– 202/5–7.8–12A. nicoleae van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991 Holotype ZMA Por. 08768Ocidental Atlantic (Caribbean, Brazil)/-240–381/ 5–7119–380/ 3–7absentabsentI.140–205/3–5 II.70–117/1–2I.140–330 II.40–300 III.50–90/2–455–115/1–514–21absentA. peruanus van Soest, Hooper & Hiemstra, 1991 Holotype USNM 23264Mexican Tropical Pacific, Central Peru/ on wave washed rocks244–371/ 9–12211–282/ 3–4absentabsentI.121–141/ 4–5 II.66–75/3I.47.5–72.5/ 4–5.5 II.35–40 III. absent82–97/413–17absentA. primigenius Hiemstra & Hooper, 1991 Holotype ZMA Por 07693Southern Indonesia, Sumbawa/ 1899–166–240 /4–5.5–6Anisotylotes 137–156– 184/2.5absentabsentI.54–62.5–67/5 II.absentI. absent II. absent III.44–30–46/ 1.5–3–460–66–68/514–17.5– 21.5absentA. radovani (BouryEsnault, 1973) Holotype MNHN D.NBE 963Ocidental Atlantic (Carribean, Brazil)/ 51 Atlantic Oceanabsent350–473/ 3–4absentabsentI.210–218/4.5–6 II. absentI.230–309/1.5 II.143–204/ 1.5–3 III.78– 104/3–680–213/3–919–22absentA. souriei (Lévi, 1952) Holotype DCL. 1259(Europe, Gulf of Guinea Islands, Caribbean, Brazil)/ 0.2-25180–230/ 3–10210–270/ 3absentabsentI.105–160/5 II. absentI.190 II.150 III.80I.100–165 II.67–8014absentA. tener Tanita, 1963 MNHN, DT. 1890Japan, Central Pacific (Gambier Isl.)/-260–340/ 8–10180–320/ 2.5–5absentabsentI.130–190/5–6 II. absentI. absent II. absent III.70–110/280–130/4–612–14absentA. hooperi sp. nov. Holotype MNRJ 3942Brazil/ 2.5-60319–442.8– 505/ 7.9–10–13.3266–345– 425/5.3–6– 7.9absentabsentI.172–210.7–260/ 8–8.9–10.6 II.79–97.8–122/ 2.6–3.3–5.3I.133–209.5– 532 II.34.5–109.6– 218.166.5–97.7– 109/2.9–3.4–4.829.2– 34.4–39.9absent
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