Equity Focus Areas (EFAs)

A screening tool based on a simple analysis of 3 core equity variables to define the highest concentration of vulnerable populations. EFAs are derived from high concentrations of low income households, people of color, and people speaking English less than very well. EFA analysis is a dichotomy: tracts are either designated an EFA or not. These areas can be used as a tool for analysis of racial equity and social justice issues such as access to opportunities and resources, employment, transportation, health, housing and government services, and provide groundwork for equity analysis to support ongoing and future planning efforts. Field Names and Descriptors: GEOID10: Census tract identifier; a concatenation of the state Federal Information Processing Series (FIPS) code, county FIPS codes, and census tract code (Number Field) tract: U.S. Census Tract label tractID: U.S. Census Tract label EFA_Fnl: EFA Status (YES = within, NO = outside) EFA_FnlNum: EFA Status code (2 is an EFA, 1 = outside, not an EFA) PoC_scoreEFA: People of Color Index score (0-3) = low to high concentration CHAS80_scoreEFA: Low HH Income Index score (0-3) = low to high concentration Source: 2017 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), HUD PoCCHASIndex_EFA: Addition of People of Color and Low Income Index scores (combined scores of 5 or 6 qualify as an EFA) EngLTvw_ScoreEFA: Speak English Less Than Very Well Index score (0-3) = low to high concentration. Score of 3 qualifies as an EFA TotPop2018: Total Population (2018) POCpop: Total People of Color (Hispanic, NH Black, NH Asian Pacific Islander, and NH Other race) per_POC: Percent People of Color TotHH__CHAS: Total Households (used for calculating % HH by CHAS income thresholds) Source: 2017 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), HUD CHAS80_LowInc: Total Households of "Low", "Very Low" and "Extremely Low" income categories using CHAS thresholds Source: 2017 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), HUD per_CHAS80: Percent Total Households of "Low", "Very Low" and "Extremely Low" income categories using CHAS thresholds Source: 2017 Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS), HUD SpkEng_LTvw: People speaking English less than very well (age 5 +) per_EngLTvw: Percent People speaking English less than very well (age 5 +) COG_compare: Comparison of EFA to MWCOG EEA (Both = tract in both; EFA = EFA only) ACRES: Land Area of U.S. Census Tract in Acres For further infomation, please contact: Research & Strategic Projects, 14th Floor, Montgomery County Planning Department, 2425 Reedie Drive, Wheaton, MD 20902 Download data here: https://mcatlas.org/filetransfer/EFAs/gisdata/EFA.zip本筛查工具基于对3项核心公平性变量的简易分析，用于界定弱势群体高度集聚的区域。公平优先区域（EFA）由低收入家庭、有色人种以及英语能力未达良好水平人群的高集聚区域衍生而来。EFA分析采用二分判定逻辑：美国人口普查分区（Census Tract）要么被划定为EFA，要么不属于该类别。此类区域可作为分析种族公平与社会正义议题的工具，涵盖机会与资源获取、就业、交通、健康、住房及公共服务等领域，并可为支撑当前及未来规划工作的公平性分析奠定坚实基础。 ### 字段名称与描述： GEOID10：人口普查分区标识符，由州联邦信息处理标准 (FIPS) 代码、县FIPS代码及人口普查分区代码拼接而成（数值型字段） tract：美国人口普查分区标签 tractID：美国人口普查分区标签 EFA_Fnl：EFA状态（YES=属于EFA区域，NO=不属于EFA区域） EFA_FnlNum：EFA状态编码（2代表属于EFA区域，1代表不属于EFA区域） PoC_scoreEFA：有色人种指数得分（0-3），分值越高代表集中度越高 CHAS80_scoreEFA：家庭低收入指数得分（0-3），分值越高代表集中度越高 数据来源：2017年综合住房可负担性战略 (CHAS)、美国住房与城市发展部 (HUD) PoCCHASIndex_EFA：有色人种指数与低收入指数得分之和（总分达到5或6的区域将被划定为EFA） EngLTvw_ScoreEFA：英语能力未达良好水平人群指数得分（0-3），分值越高代表集中度越高。得分达到3的区域将被划定为EFA TotPop2018：2018年总人口 POCpop：有色人种总人口（涵盖西班牙裔、非西班牙裔黑人、非西班牙裔亚太裔及非西班牙裔其他种族人口） per_POC：有色人种占比 TotHH__CHAS：家庭总户数（用于基于CHAS收入阈值计算各收入层级家庭占比） CHAS80_LowInc：符合CHAS收入阈值的“低收入”“极低收入”及“极端低收入”家庭总户数，数据来源：2017年CHAS、HUD per_CHAS80：符合CHAS收入阈值的“低收入”“极低收入”及“极端低收入”家庭占比，数据来源：2017年CHAS、HUD SpkEng_LTvw：英语能力未达良好水平的总人口（5岁及以上） per_EngLTvw：英语能力未达良好水平的人口占比（5岁及以上） COG_compare：EFA与MWCOG EEA的对比标注（Both=该分区同时属于两类区域；EFA=仅属于EFA区域） ACRES：美国人口普查分区的土地面积（单位：英亩） 如需进一步咨询相关信息，请联系：研究与战略项目组，蒙哥马利县规划部14层，里迪大道2425号，怀顿，马里兰州20902 数据下载链接：https://mcatlas.org/filetransfer/EFAs/gisdata/EFA.zip