Biophysically patterned glioblastoma model via rapid 3D bioprinting for investigation of tumorigenesis and angiogenesis

Purpose: Our goals of transcriptome profiling (RNA-seq) and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) methods in our study are to evaluate changes in specific genes and pathways in sphere culture, 3D soft and 3D stiff culture of GBM cells. Conclusions: Our study represents the first detailed transcriptional analysis of GBM cells cultured in 3D systems with biophysical patterning. The results demonstrated that the stiff patterns promote the mesenchymal phenotype of cells, while the soft pattern enriches cells with the classical subtype. Thus the 3D biophysical patterning permits recapitulation of different molecular subtypes of GBM in vitro. Overall design: Global transcriptome profiling on human patient derived glioblastoma cells (GBM, TS576) cultured as spheres and the tumor-only 3D soft and the tumor-only 3D stiff conditions.