Dataset for "Estimating break-even costs of emerging storage technologies via inverse optimization: A case study on Carnot Batteries"

This dataset accompanies the preprint “Estimating break-even costs of emerging storage technologies via inverse optimization: A case study on Carnot Batteries”, which can be accessed under: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5741190 The dataset contains numerical results from an inverse optimization study estimating the break-even annualized fixed costs of Carnot Batteries’ energy capacity (break-even AFC-E) for specified Carnot Battery target shares.The following application cases are included:- National German energy system- Behind-the-meter industrial power system for automotive industry in Emden- Behind-the-meter industrial power system for automotive industry in Ingolstadt- Behind-the-meter industrial power system for paper industry in Emden- Behind-the-meter industrial power system for paper industry in IngolstadtThe dataset consists of two groups of break-even cost result files and one additional input time series file.The files named `break_even_AFCE_*.csv` contain the optimized break-even AFC-E for different application cases, round-trip efficiencies (RTEs), Carnot Battery target shares, and two annualized fixed costs of power capacity (AFC-P). These two AFC-P values correspond to the optimistic lower-bound CAPEX Power assumptions for Brayton- and Rankine-cycle Carnot Batteries. The target share defines the Carnot Battery energy capacity as a fixed share of the total storage energy capacity in the corresponding baseline system without Carnot Batteries.The files named `capex_power_sensitivity_*.csv` contain the sensitivity of the optimized break-even AFC-E to a broader range AFC-P values for the same application cases.The break-even cost result files use the following column structure:- AFC-P (€/kW/a): Annualized fixed cost of power capacity- RTE (%): Round-trip efficiency of the Carnot Battery- share: Target share of Carnot Battery energy capacity relative to the total storage energy capacity of the corresponding baseline system without Carnot Batteries- break-even AFC-E (€/kWh/a): Optimized break-even annualized fixed cost of energy capacity for the specified Carnot Battery target share. The break-even AFC-E represents the maximum annualized energy-capacity cost at which the Carnot Battery can be integrated at the specified target share without increasing total system costs compared to the baseline system without Carnot Batteries.The dataset also includes the file `electricity_prices_and_capacity_factors_DE.csv` which contains hourly values of the electricity price used for grid electricity supply in the behind-the-meter model, derived from the shadow price of electricity in the national German energy system transformation path optimization, as well as the corresponding capacity factors for solar PV, onshore wind, and offshore wind, which have a significant impact to the shadow prices. The reference year of the electricity prices is 2046. The climate year of the capacity factors is 2012.