Mapping green trademarks across Europe: A regionalized panel dataset of EUIPO trademark filings, 1996-2020

This dataset is based on trademark applications filed at the European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) between 1996 and 2020. EUIPO began accepting and examining trademark applications in 1996, which marks the starting point of the dataset. It includes over 1.9 million registered trademarks filed by more than 735,000 applicants and information on applicant locations. We geocoded and regionalized all trademark filings based on the owner address. We also applied the methodology described in EUIPO (2021) to identify green trademarks as those that contain keywords related to green innovation in the goods and service descriptions of the trademarks (see all details in Abbasiharofteh, Castaldi, & Petralia, 2022) The panel dataset that we are sharing, named panel_trademarks_nuts3.csv, contains the count of green and total registered trademark filings in 1380 NUTS-3 regions (the 2013 version of the Nomenclature of Territorial Units) with the location of owners in 27 EU countries, EEA states (Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway), Switzerland, and the UK. The provided dataset spans the years 1996-2020, with 34,500 rows representing a NUTS-3 region for a given year (1380 regions ˟ 25 years). It includes variables related to total trademark counts, green trademark counts and geographical identifiers. The dataset is provided in a comma-separated values (CSV) format, with UTF-8 encoding for all string-type variables. Table 1 provides detailed information on each variable. The dataset is structured for panel and spatial analysis and is suitable for research on regional innovation, economic geography, and sustainability transitions (see Castaldi, Abbasiharofteh, & S. G., 2025; Castaldi & Mendonça, 2022 for discussions of research opportunities). Since the data are provided at the NUTS-3 level, researchers can aggregate trademark counts to NUTS-2 or larger spatial scales.