Taxonomy and phylogeny of <i>Macrolepiota</i>: two new species from Brazil

<i>Macrolepiota</i> is a poorly known genus in the Neotropics. In order to increase knowledge about this group, we collected specimens from the Atlantic Forest in southern and northeastern Brazil. <i>Macrolepiota cyanolamellata</i> and <i>M. sabulosa</i> from subtropical and tropical regions, respectively, are proposed as new species. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses of the nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer region ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS) and the combined data set ITS + nuclear large subunit rDNA (28S) + RNA polymerase II second largest (<i>RPB2</i>), as well as morphological analyses. Two lineages with unique morphotypes were found. The species proposed were strongly supported as the sister lineage closely related to <i>M. clelandii</i> and <i>M. subcitrophylla</i>. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of their macro- and microscopic characters are provided.