Evaluate means of integrating biological control into overall management strategies for Lygodium microphyllum

In 2020, a field experiment was started to look at the combined impacts of biological control and herbicide on Lygodium microphyllum. At two heavily L. microphyllum invaded sites with high mite and moth activity, we established 5x5m plots (72 plots total) that received an herbicide treatment (no treatment, treat in Year 1, treat in Years 1 and 2; 2% Garlon 3A, active ingredient triclopyr) and a pesticide treatment (untreated or treated to exclude agents every 4-6 weeks; Bonide Systemic Insecticide, active ingredient acephate). 10 ft tall trellises simulating trees in the field to measure the ability of L. microphyllum to grow with and without agents. Permanent quadrats were also installed within the plots for monitoring L. microphyllum cover. Additionally, these quadrats were used to quantify Neomusotima conspurcatalis damage.Partially funded by the USDA through the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) (USDA agreement 58-6032-1-001), through the Southwest Florida Water Management District (USDA agreement 58-6032-3-003), and through the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (USDA agreement 58-6032-9-008).