Enhancement of mucosal innate and adaptive immunity following intranasal immunization of mice with a bovine adenoviral vector

We developed a BAdV vector platform and demonstrated its utility in eluding an exceptionally high level of vector immunity in a mouse model. We found that immunizing mice with BAd-H5HA led to much stronger humoral (including mucosal) and CMI responses at a lower vector dose. This meant that the mice were completely protected when they were challenged with a different influenza virus than the HAd-H5HA-immunized group. Better immune responses to BAd-H5HA were seen when the vaccine was given intramuscularly (IM). However, a 30-fold higher dose of the vaccine provided full protection.to the vaccine dose used for the IN inoculation. Because of these results, we looked into what might have caused the high levels of humoral and CMI responses after BAd-H5HA was given to IN. To sum up, the lungs of mice in the BAdV vector group have more innate and adaptive immunity-related factors than those in the HAdV vector group. This suggests that the BAdV vaccine platform is the best way to make vaccines against new infectious diseases and cancer immunotherapy.