SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth

The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) study was initiated in 2000 to address major knowledge gaps in the understanding of childhood diabetes. The SEARCH study (SEARCH 1-3) was conducted at five sites across the U.S. and established a longitudinal cohort to assess the natural history and risk factors for acute and chronic diabetes-related complications as well as the quality of care and quality of life of persons with diabetes from diagnosis into young adulthood. The cohort study (SEARCH 4) was developed by recruiting incident cases in 2002 to 2006, 2008, and 2012 that had a baseline visit near diagnosis and at least 5 years of diabetes duration at the cohort visit assessment. In the first two phases of SEARCH (SEARCH 1 and 2), individuals newly diagnosed with diabetes in 2002– 2006 and 2008 were recruited for a baseline research visit. Incident cases from 2002–2005 were also asked to return for visits at 12, 24, and 60 months after their baseline visit to measure risk factors for diabetes complications. In the third phase (SEARCH 3), a subset of SEARCH participants with a duration of diabetes >5 years were recruited for an outcome visit between 2011 and 2015. In addition, individuals incident in 2012 were invited for a baseline visit. In the fourth phase (SEARCH 4), a subset of SEARCH participants aged >10 years with at least 5 years of diabetes duration were invited to another study visit between 2015 and 2019. Those invited to the in-person research visit included all individuals with type 2 diabetes, all non-Whites, and a random sample of non-Hispanic Whites with type 1 diabetes.

青少年糖尿病研究探索（SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth）于2000年启动，旨在填补当前儿童糖尿病认知领域的重大知识空白。该研究（SEARCH 1-3）在美国5个研究站点开展，建立了纵向队列（longitudinal cohort），用于评估糖尿病相关急慢性并发症的自然病程与危险因素，以及糖尿病患者从确诊至青年成年期的医疗服务质量与生活质量。本队列研究（SEARCH 4）通过招募2002至2006年、2008年及2012年的新发糖尿病病例构建，所有入组对象均在确诊前后接受基线访视（baseline visit），且在队列评估访视时糖尿病病程（diabetes duration）至少满5年。在研究的前两个阶段（SEARCH 1与2）中，研究人员招募了2002至2006年以及2008年新确诊糖尿病的患者开展基线研究访视。此外，2002至2005年入组的新发病例还需在基线访视后的第12、24和60个月再次接受访视，以检测糖尿病并发症的相关危险因素。第三阶段（SEARCH 3）中，研究人员招募了糖尿病病程超过5年的部分SEARCH研究参与者，于2011至2015年开展结局访视（outcome visit）。此外，2012年新发糖尿病的患者也受邀接受基线访视。第四阶段（SEARCH 4）中，研究邀请了年龄超过10岁、糖尿病病程至少满5年的部分SEARCH研究参与者，于2015至2019年再次接受研究访视。受邀参加线下研究访视（in-person research visit）的对象包括所有2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes）患者、所有非白人人群，以及1型糖尿病（type 1 diabetes）患者中非西班牙裔白人（non-Hispanic Whites）的随机抽样群体。