A New Method of Seismometer Orientation Correction via Amplitude and Energy Based Teleseismic Receiver Function Measurements: Test Case on West Africa and Adjacent Islands

 Accurate seismic station orientation is essential for seismic waveform data quality and seismological studies
 In modern seismological observation networks, seismic events are recorded by orthogonally aligned triaxial sensors. Although the assumption holds that single vertical-component sensors do not have misorientation concerns, the two horizontal components involving the BHN (north–south) and BHE (east–west) may have misorientation issues (Niu and Li, 2011; Wang et al., 2016; Doran and Laske, 2017; Ekström and Nettles, 2018; Langston, 2018; Ojo et al. 2019; Zheng et al. 2020)
 Previously, misorientation errors have been estimated using tangential components from P-wave energy minimization, P-wave particle motion, and Rayleigh-wave angle of arrival measurements (Doran and Laske, 2017; Ekström and Nettles, 2018; Langston, 2018; Ojo et al. 2019; Zheng et al. 2020)
 In this study, we conduct a series of tests involving different α values to investigate the amplitudebased (hereafter referred to as PRFamp) method using the single-point maximum amplitude of RF and energy-based (hereafter referred to as PRFenergy) method that utilize a time window around the maximum amplitude of the P-wave receiver function (PRFs).
 We used 26 permanent stations cutting across the Inland, Coastal, and Islandic terrains, and different geotectonic units (Ojo et al., 2017; Salako, 2019; Oni et al., 2020; Osotuyi et al., 2022; Osotuyi et al., 2023) of West Africa to test our methods.