Study sites used to evaluate Demography of black-backed woodpeckers in the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA.

a Size of MPB infestations calculated from FHP Aerial Detection Surveys, available at http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r2/forest-grasslandhealth/?cid=fsbdev3_041629> (accessed Feb. 13, 2013). This is an estimate of the minimum total area impacted by MPBs in each study site in a given year.b The first year MPB infestations were detected in FHP Aerial Detection Surveys. Note there is no aerial detection data prior to 1995.c Calculated from 2008 FHP Aerial Detection Survey.d Calculated from 2010 FHP Aerial Detection Survey.