Doutorado MicroRNAa221 e MicroRNA29

ABSTRACT
Profile of microRNA-221 and microRNA-29a in individuals with carotid atherosclerotic disease treated with endarterectomy and carotid angioplasty. Introduction: It is known that microRNAs (miRNA) are involved in the processes of endothelial inflammation and atheroma plaque formation, and are also responsible for regulating its stability, with its expression being specific to each tissue and disease. The miRNA profile can be used as a marker for diagnosis and prognosis and influence the course of diseases, through its stimulation or suppression. Our objective was to study the relationship between the expression of miRNA-221 and 29a in the pre- and postoperative periods of patients with carotid disease, the surgical treatment used and the clinical evolution of this patient. Population and Methods: we selected 61 individuals with unilateral or bilateral carotid stenosis, above 70%, of which 43 underwent endarterectomy (Group 1) and 18 underwent angioplasty (Group 2). We collected blood to measure serum miRNAs preoperatively and 6 months after surgery. In the 1-month postoperative follow-up, we carried out a clinical evaluation and at 6 months, a Carotid Artery Doppler Ultrasound. Results: of the selected patients, the majority were male (62.3%); hypertensive (91.4%); diabetic (52.6%) and with a previous history of smoking (69.2%). Furthermore, 49% of patients were symptomatic and 23.4% reported coronary artery disease. MiRNA-29a showed a statistically significant drop in expression 6 months after surgical correction (95% CI, from 17.83 to 1.20; p<0.001). miRNA-221 behaved in a similar way (95% CI, from 150.99 to 8.67; p<0.001). Regarding the technique used, Group 1 (95% CI, from 1232.5 to 62.6; p < 0.001) showed a greater drop than Group 2 (95% CI, from 847.6 to 47.5; p < 0.001 ). In the ultrasound evaluation, the drop in the group with normal ultrasound at 6 months in miRNA-29a (95% CI, from 20.4 to 1.2; p = 0.001) and miRNA-221 (95% CI, from 153.9 to 9.5; p<0.001) was greater than the drops in the group with restenosis, both in miRNA-29a (95% CI, from 291.1 to 1.2; p=0.04) and in miRNA-221 (IC 95%, from 243.8 to 8.8; p=0.02). We did not observe any interference from the presence of symptoms preoperatively, coronary artery disease or smoking. Conclusion: the drop in the expression of these miRNAs in the postoperative period may suggest the use of these molecules as serum biomarkers for monitoring these patients.