Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Canopy Height and Carbon Storage in the Hainan Jianfengling National Nature Reserve: A Multimodal Remote Sensing Data Fusion Approach

This study integrated ground-based plot surveys and multi-source remote sensing data to develop a canopy height and aboveground biomass estimation model for Hainan Jianfengling National Nature Reserve from 2003 to 2023. To support scientific transparency and model reproducibility, a portion of the research data has been organized and made publicly available. The dataset includes the following three categories:1、Survey data of tropical rainforest plots：Biomass data of 140 sample plots: Includes 140 sample plots (10 m × 10 m), with information on plot ID, geographic coordinates, forest type, and biomass of tree and understory layers.Biomass data of 64 historical plots: Contains biomass data from 64 historical plots (25.8 m × 25.8 m), including plot ID, location, and aboveground biomass.Data of individual trees from 140 sample plots: Covers detailed measurements of 4,732 individual trees, including species name, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, crown volume, and estimated biomass per tree.2、Forest type distribution data：Based on the natural forest classification dataset, GLC_FCS30D land cover data, and ALOS DEM elevation data, this shapefile represents forest type distribution in Hainan Jianfengling National Nature Reserve from 2003 to 2023 at a 30-meter spatial resolution (WGS 1984 coordinate system).3、Remote sensing estimation results of biomass and canopy height of Hainan Jianfengling National Nature Reserve from 2003 to 2023：Includes annual maps of forest aboveground biomass density and canopy height distribution in Hainan Jianfengling National Nature Reserve from 2003 to 2023. All data are provided in GeoTIFF format with a spatial resolution of 30 meters, suitable for GIS-based analysis and visualization.